Unit 1 How can we become good learners?

Section A 語言知識精講

1. I study by working with a group. 我通過小組合作來學習。
by+ving意為“通過……方式”。
例如：
She improves writing skills by reading a lot of books.
她閱讀大量的書來提高寫作技能。
He makes a living by singing.
他以唱歌為生。

2. I’ve learned a lot that way.
通過那種方式，我已經學到了很多。
a lot用來表示程度，修飾動詞。
例如：
I’ve heard a lot about you recently.
最近我聽說了很多關于你的事。
a lot of等同于lots of，后接名詞，既可修飾可數名詞也可修飾不可數名詞。
例如：
Jay Zhou writes a lot of songs.
周杰倫寫了很多首歌。
He made a lot of money last year.
他去年賺了很多錢。

3. I have to finish reading a book and give a report next Monday.
我必須讀完一本書，下周一要作報告。
finish意為“完成”，后接名詞、代詞或動詞ing形式。同樣的用法也適用本課中的另外兩個詞：enjoy和practice.
例如:
You can’t watch TV unless you finish your homework.
你完成作業后可以看電視。
I want to keep the book for another week, because I haven’t finished reading it.
我想再借這本書一個星期，因為我還沒讀完。
My grandpa enjoys drinking tea.
我爺爺喜歡飲茶。
Her spoken English has improved a lot because she practices speaking it every day.
她的口語有了很大的提高，因為她每天練習說英語。

4. Don’t read word by word. Read word groups.
不要逐字讀，要按意群讀。
（1）句中by表示連續或反復，意為 “一個又一個”。類似的用法有：
little by little一點點；step by step一步步；day by day 日復一日；year by year 年復一年
（2）此句為祈使句。基本結構為：Don’t+動詞原形+其它。
例如：
Don’t smoke here.
別在這里吸煙！
Leave me alone.
讓我一個人靜一靜。
拓展
巧記祈使句歌訣
祈使句無主語，主語you常省去；
動詞原形謂語當，句首加don’t否定變；
朗讀應當用降調，句末常標感嘆號。

5. The more you read, the faster you’ll be.
你讀得越多，速度就越快。
此句為“the+比較級..., the+比較級...”結構。意為“越……就越……”、“更……就更……”。
例如：
The more we get together, the happier we will be.
我們聚得越多就越開心。
The more careful you are, the fewer mistakes you will make.
你越認真犯的錯誤就越少。

6. The teacher spoke so quickly that I did not understand her most of the time.
老師講的太快，我大多數時候都不理解她的意思。
so+adj./adv.+that從句，意為“如此……以致于……”。
例如：
She is so excited that she doesn’t feel like sleeping.
她是如此興奮以致于沒有睡意。
The rabbit ran so fast that the tortoise couldn’t catch it.
兔子跑得如此快以致于烏龜趕不上它。

7. But I was afraid to ask questions because of my poor pronunciation.
但是我由于差勁的發音而不敢提問。
（1）be afraid to do sth.害怕做某事=be afraid of (doing) sth. 害怕(做)某事，害怕某物。
例如：
Don’t be afraid to ask your teacher for help.
=Don’t be afraid of asking your teacher for help.
別害怕向老師尋求幫助。
I’m afraid of snakes.
我怕蛇。
（2）because of意為“因為……”, 后接名詞或動名詞。而because 通常用于對why的提問，后接句子。
例如：
I’m late for school because of the heavy traffic.
=I’m late for school because the traffic is heavy.
因為交通堵塞我遲到了。

8. But because I wanted to understand the story, I looked them up in a dictionary.
但由于我想弄懂這個故事，所以我在詞典里查了這些句子的意思。
look up除了有“向上看”的意思外，還有“查找”的意思。既可用look up sth, 也可用look sth up。如果所接的是代詞，則代詞放中間，如look it / them up。
I don’t remeber her telephone number, but I can look it up in the telephone book.
我不記得她的電話號碼，但我可以在電話本里查找。
You can look up this word in the dictionary.
你可以在字典中查找這個單詞的用法。
拓展
look相關短語：
look for 尋找；
look at 看；
look like 看起來像；
look after 照顧